Jainism

Jainism

Jainism - 420 BCE

The founder of the Jain community was Vardhamana, the last Jina in a series of 24 who lived in East India. He attained enlightenment after 13 years of deprivation and committed the act of salekhana, fasting to death, in 420 BCE. Jainism has many similarities to Hinduism and Buddhism which developed in the same part of the world. They believe in karma and reincarnation as do Hindus but they believe that enlightenment and liberation from this cycle can only be achieved through asceticism. Jains follow fruititarianism. This is the practice of only eating that which will not kill the plant or animal from which it is taken. They also practice ahimsa, non-violence, because any act of violence against a living thing creates negative karma which will adversely affect one's next life.

The Jain temple, Parashnath Mandir, is Calcutta's gaudiest and most elaborate temple.  The Jains are a sect of the Hindus, a great many of whom belong to the money-lending class, are shrewed and frequently wealthy. Jains do not believe in taking a life, often even wear a nostril veil to prevent inhaling of insects.

Ranakpur: Adinath Jain Temple, built in the 15th century. The uncarved exterior of the temple contrasts with the profuse decoration inside. This symbolizes the Jain belief in the insignificance of outward forms, and the importance of a rich inner life.

Jaisalmer - Roofs of Jain temple